Improved cement and tile roofing



Z. STREET.

CEMENT A1111 TILE EooEING.

NQ. 34,653. Patented Mar. 11, 1862r 2M ff lf2 vm fol."

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To @ZZ whom it may concern:

PATENT OFFICE.

ZADOK STREET,

OF SALEM, OHIO.

IMPROVED CEMENT AND TILE ROOFING.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 34,653, dated March 11, 1862.

Be it known that I, ZADOK STREET, of Salem, in the county of Columbiana and State of Ohio, have invented a neviT and useful Improvement in Roofing; and I do herebydeclare thefollowing to be a full, clear, andenact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a section of my improved roof. Fig. 2 is a plan of the samepartly completed. Fig. 3 is a plan illustrating a different form and arrangement 0f the tiles.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

The subject of inyinvention is a roofing consisting of a body ef burnt clay 0r other material laid in and covered by cementsof peculiar composition, as hereinafter explained.

To enable others skilled in the art to which my invention pertains to make and use it, I will proceed to describe the manner in'which itis constructed and applied.

I first take coal or pine tarv or pitch and after thoroughly expelling the water therefrom by boilingadd common salt in the proportion of about one to thirty. Pulverized coke or cinders arethe'n added in sufficient quantity to give-the compound the consistency of thick mush. The salt operates as 'a flux, causing the tar to boil up .freely and mingle intimately with the pulverized coke. Alum may be usfed instead of salt withl like effect. j

The above compound being spread over vthe sheathingof the roof in a heated state and in sufficient thickness, fiat tiles of burnt clay are laid over the Whole surface and pressed into the cement, so as to cause it to fill the joints. same compound, with vthe addition of, say, one-thirtieth of its 'bulk of lime, to form a hard and solid body when cold and dry. Immediately upon the application of the upper coating of cement, and While yet hot, a coating of sand is applied to give additional solidity and durability. In very' c old weather ,it is preferable to heat the sand before ap- The Whole is then covered with the i f plying, it in order to insure its more thorough attachment to the cement.

In the drawings, uy represents the sheathing laid upon rafters or in Vany suitable manner. b is the rst coating or bed of cement; c, the rigid body laid therein, and d the outer coating.

The tiles may be of any preferred form, and may be arranged upon the roof in any manner desired, They should, however, be so disposed as to break the joints in order to avoid more'effectually'all ,danger of displacement and leakage.' It is believed that on the whole square tiles arranged diagonally on the roof, as represented in Fig. 3, will be found preferableboth as presenting a more symmetrical. and uniformsurface and lessening the danger of the penetration of water through imperfect joints.

I do not restrict myself to any specific material for the rigid body v0f the roof. Metal, slate, stone, or Wood may, if preferred,be substituted yfor the clay; but the latter is beil lieved to be preferable, owing to its moderate cost and comparative exemption from the ex: panding and contracting effects of changes of temperature. Neither do I restrict myself to any specific material for the outerf cov# ering ofthe roof. In very warm climates and on buildings where the roof will be subjected to much Wear or violence, or will be constantly Walked upon, a compound of tar, caustic soda, clay, and sand will: be found preferable as an .outer coating over the tiles. A surface will thus be produced which will be nearly as durable, impervious, and proof against heat as stone. itself.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim therein asnew, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

' A roof composed ofa rigid body of any s-uitable material laid in and covered by cement compounded substantially asherein set forth. a

Y ZADOK STREET.

' Witnesses: n

-OcTAvIUs KNIGHT,

J AMES N. GrRIDLEY. 

